. Comparative morphology of Fungi. Fungi. POLYPORALES 447 ancestral form of basidia. In good nourishment the conidiophores branch and form coremia. Some species are used as food, , Polyporus confluens, P. frondosus, P. pes-caprae and P. sulphureus; earlier, others were used as medicines (Fomes officinalis from its quinine taste); others found technical uses, as P. betulinus in the manufacture of charcoal crayons. Still others cause disease of fruit and forest trees and destroy timber, as Fomes igniarius, F. fomentarius, from whose fructifications tinder was formerly made, Polyporus squamos
. Comparative morphology of Fungi. Fungi. POLYPORALES 447 ancestral form of basidia. In good nourishment the conidiophores branch and form coremia. Some species are used as food, , Polyporus confluens, P. frondosus, P. pes-caprae and P. sulphureus; earlier, others were used as medicines (Fomes officinalis from its quinine taste); others found technical uses, as P. betulinus in the manufacture of charcoal crayons. Still others cause disease of fruit and forest trees and destroy timber, as Fomes igniarius, F. fomentarius, from whose fructifications tinder was formerly made, Polyporus squamosus and P. sulphureus and, on old gooseberries and currants, Fomes Ribis. The fructifications of Fomes igniarius grow to as much as eighty years old forming a new layer each year. A few species of Polyporus form sclerotia up to the size of a human head, as P. Tuberaster (E. Fischer, 1891) in the north temperate zone, P. Berkeleyi, P. umbellatus and P. frondosus in the United States, P. sacer and P. Goetzii in Africa, P. Sapurema in Brazil, P. rhinocerotis in the Malay region and P. basilapidiodes and P. Mylittae in Australia. Those of P. Mylittae attain a weight of 15 kg. and earlier were eaten by the natives in Australia and called native bread. The species of Polystictus, which number almost a thousand, are saprophytes on wood. P. versicolor often attacks fruit trees as a wound parasite. P. pargamenus causes decay of a large number of woods. Trametes, as its character is not always recognizable, has been divided by many authors among the above three genera and Daedalea (Fig. 288). Trametes Pini causes great damage to pines by a red rot of wood. Under certain conditions of nourishment, their hyphae (as in most other Poly- poraceae) fall apart into oidia. Hyaline, pyriform or oval conidia have been noted in Cryptoporus volvatus (Zeller, 1915). The hymenium develops on the roof of a large central cavity opened in the interior of a spherical fructification, laterally attached to t
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