Archive image from page 1049 of The cyclopædia of anatomy and. The cyclopædia of anatomy and physiology cyclopdiaofana03todd Year: 1847 960 PISCES. the muscles and other soft parts of this region of the head. The Triglffi or Gurnards offer the best ex- amples of the ' hard-cheeked Acanthopterygii,'' which owe their name to the following arrange- ment of the above mentioned osseous pieces. The first suborbitals are of enormous size, en- tirely covering the face, articulating in front with the bones of the snout, and posteriorly with the preoperculum and two smaller suborbitals placed Fig. 492
Archive image from page 1049 of The cyclopædia of anatomy and. The cyclopædia of anatomy and physiology cyclopdiaofana03todd Year: 1847 960 PISCES. the muscles and other soft parts of this region of the head. The Triglffi or Gurnards offer the best ex- amples of the ' hard-cheeked Acanthopterygii,'' which owe their name to the following arrange- ment of the above mentioned osseous pieces. The first suborbitals are of enormous size, en- tirely covering the face, articulating in front with the bones of the snout, and posteriorly with the preoperculum and two smaller suborbitals placed Fig. 492. Skeleton of Trigla tyra, showing the bones of the face and the pectoral Jin rays. at the posterior angle of the orbit. Its articu- lation with the preoperculum is accomplished by means of an immoveable suture, so that the suborbital bones and the preoperculum must move together. The upper part of the face, moreover, is formed by the immoveable con- solidation of the anterior frontals with the an- terior extremity of the prsenasal bones, which expand into a disc, and in some instances of the voiner likewise, which is slightly visible beneath the skin between the ossa nasi. All these bony pieces, as well as those composing the upper portion of the cranium, are hard, granular, and often armed with spines and Fig. 493. cutting edges, so that few Fishes have their heads so well defended against the attacks of their foes. The Pleuronectidtf, or Flat-fishes as they are commonly called, offer a most remarkable ex- ception to the usual arrangement of the bones of the face, which exhibits a want of symmetry unparalleled in any other vertebrate animals. In this family, which includes the Turbot, the Plaice, the Sole, and others similarly organized, the whole trunk of the body is so much com- pressed laterally that such fishes, instead of swimming in the usual position, lie upon their left sides —a circumstance which, added to the singular fact that the right side is equally colou
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