. Fio. Witche.^' Bi'iOia or .'illvey J-'lr (summer condition). The nuu-kcdly negative geotropic broom has its origin in a distinct basal swelling, (v. Tubeuf phot.) The various tissues of the witches' brooms also undergo considerable modification as compared with normal twigs. A thicker and softer bark is present, due to the parenchymatous cells of both outer rind and bast having enlarged in size and increased in number; the cork layers are also abnormally in- creased. The same changes may be observed in the rind of the swellings, and to this their increased size must be chiefly ascribe


. Fio. Witche.^' Bi'iOia or .'illvey J-'lr (summer condition). The nuu-kcdly negative geotropic broom has its origin in a distinct basal swelling, (v. Tubeuf phot.) The various tissues of the witches' brooms also undergo considerable modification as compared with normal twigs. A thicker and softer bark is present, due to the parenchymatous cells of both outer rind and bast having enlarged in size and increased in number; the cork layers are also abnormally in- creased. The same changes may be observed in the rind of the swellings, and to this their increased size must be chiefly ascribed. The wood l)Oth in twigs and swellings is much increased; the year-rings however are very variable, sometimes they are broader than the normal, again they may be diminished or even altogether wanting; where however the wood decreases, there the bast increases in proportion. This lack of uniformity


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Keywords: ., bookcentury1800, bookdecade1890, bookpublisherl, booksubjectfungi