. Bulletin of the Museum of Comparative Zoology at Harvard College. Zoology; Zoology. 308 bulletin: museum of comparative zoology. In general the mammalian fauna may be said to be typically African, with almost no trace of Eurasian species. It is a continuation of that of the upper Nile, though rather more reduced, and in the region cov- ered, quite without any of the desert species found in the Saharan sands to the north and northwest. The list of species observed follows. Syncerus aequinoctialis (Blyth). Nile Valley Buffalo. Bubalus caffer aequinoctialis Blyth, Proc. Zool. soc. London, 1866,
. Bulletin of the Museum of Comparative Zoology at Harvard College. Zoology; Zoology. 308 bulletin: museum of comparative zoology. In general the mammalian fauna may be said to be typically African, with almost no trace of Eurasian species. It is a continuation of that of the upper Nile, though rather more reduced, and in the region cov- ered, quite without any of the desert species found in the Saharan sands to the north and northwest. The list of species observed follows. Syncerus aequinoctialis (Blyth). Nile Valley Buffalo. Bubalus caffer aequinoctialis Blyth, Proc. Zool. soc. London, 1866, p. 372. Bubalus azrakensis Matschie, Sitzb. Ges. naturf. freunde, Berlin, 1906, p. 169. In his review of the African buffaloes Matschie describes Bubalus azrakensis as a new species; it is based upon an imperfect skull from Roseires on the Blue Nile. He says that it belongs to those forms in which the horn is strongly bowed downward and differs from all the other species in that the inwardly bent tips of the horns turn suddenly back at the ends. This appearance is shown in his photographic figure, in which, however, one of these tips is broken off. Moreover, as the figure shows; the skull is that of an immature animal in which the basal portions of the horns are unsolidified and have not been preserved, although the spread is 84 cm., a fairly large size for Nile Valley animals. The horns of three old bulls shot by Dr. Phillips on the Dinder River, are heavy and massive, the bases very broad, but not joining medially on the forehead, nor are they convex in this region as in the caffer type, but flattened, ridged, and broadly exca- vated. Their downward sweep reaches only about to the level of the orbit and the tips are blunt and rather short, due in part to wear. Cotton (1912) says that the horns of cows have a deeper curve than those of the bulls and are not so wide. The long points, backwardly turned, of Matschie's azrakensis seem more like an individual varia- tion in an imm
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