Holly, Medicinal Plant, 1737
A Curious Herbal, Plate 205. Birdlime, a sticky substance made from the bark of the holly tree to entrap birds, was once applied to tumors and swellings to "ripen" them. Holly (Ilex) is a genus of 400 to 600 species of flowering plants in the family Aquifoliaceae, and the only living genus in that family. The species are evergreen and deciduous trees, shrubs, and climbers. Historically, and Ilex opaca fruit tea was used as a heart stimulant by American Indians. Ilex vomitoria was used to cause vomiting. More recently, preparations of holly leaf have been used for coughs, digestive disorders, water retention, and jaundice. Ilex aquifolium leaves are used for treating fevers that come and go, rheumatism, swelling, water retention, and chest congestion. Ilex opaca leaves are used to empty and cleanse the bowels, stimulate the heart, and increase urine flow. Other holly species are used for treating heart disease, dizziness, and high blood pressure. Elizabeth Blackwell (1707-1758) was a famed Scottish illustrator and author who was best known as both the artist and engraver for the plates of "A Curious Herbal" (1737).
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