Qin Shi Huang (259-210 BC) having the books of Confucius burned. Qin Shi Huang was the founder of the Qin dynasty and the first emperor of a unified China. Later Confucian historians condemned the emperor, alleging that he burned the classics and buried Confucian scholars alive. They eventually compiled a list of the Ten Crimes of Qin to highlight his tyrannical actions.

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Keywords: books, burning, china, chinese, classics, color, colour, confucianism, confucius, dynasty, emperor, engraving, fire, huan, illustration, literature, painting, portrait, qin, scholar, scholars, shi, smoke, teaching, texts, watching