China: A traveller on the antique Silk Road, widely supposed to represent the itinerant monk Xuanzang. Hanging scroll painting, Dunhuang, 9th century. Xuanzang ( Wade-Giles: Hsüan-tsang, c. 602-664) was a famous Chinese Buddhist monk, scholar, traveler and translator who described the interaction between China and India in the early Tang period. Born in Henan province of China in 602 or 603, from boyhood he took to reading sacred books, including the Chinese Classics and the writings of the ancient sages.

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