. Handbook of flower pollination : based upon Hermann Mu?ller's work 'The fertilisation of flowers by insects' . Fertilization of plants. CARYOPHYLLEAE 151. Fig. 44. Gypsophila fianiculaia^ L. (after Herm. Miiller). (i) Flower in the first (male) condition. (2) Flower in the second (female) condition, a, anthers ; st^ stigma. of their diminutive size, the plant is very conspicuous. The cup-shaped flower is only 4-5 'nil- in diameter, and 2| mm. deep. Nectar is secreted at the bottom of the cup by a green fleshy ring-, and is readily accessible even to very short-tongued insects. The anthers of
. Handbook of flower pollination : based upon Hermann Mu?ller's work 'The fertilisation of flowers by insects' . Fertilization of plants. CARYOPHYLLEAE 151. Fig. 44. Gypsophila fianiculaia^ L. (after Herm. Miiller). (i) Flower in the first (male) condition. (2) Flower in the second (female) condition, a, anthers ; st^ stigma. of their diminutive size, the plant is very conspicuous. The cup-shaped flower is only 4-5 'nil- in diameter, and 2| mm. deep. Nectar is secreted at the bottom of the cup by a green fleshy ring-, and is readily accessible even to very short-tongued insects. The anthers of the five stamens which alternate with the petals mature before those of the stamens opposite the petals. They project from the flower— at the same time inclining towards the petals—and dust insect visitors with pollen. When they wither the stamens curve outwards and down- wards, while the styles—at first bent inwards—now elon- gate and diverge from one another, projecting from the flower, so as to be pollinated by the numerous visitors that hasten from blossom to blossom. Visitors.—Hermann Miil- ler observed the following.— A. Diptera. (a) Mus- cidae: i. Anthomyia sp.; 2. Lucilia sylvarum Mg., skg. ; 3. Miltogramma sp., skg.; 4. Mosillus arcuatus Latr., skg.; 5. Onesia floralis , skg.; 6. Pyrellia cadaverinaZ., skg.; 7. Sarcophaga carnaria L., skg. (b) Syrphidae: 8. Ascia podagrica F., skg. and po-dvg.; 9. Eristalis aeneus Scop., do.; 10. E. arbustorum Z., do.; 11. E. nemorum Z., do.; 12. Melithreptus pictus Mg., do.; [ 3. M. taeniatus Mg., do.; 14. Syritta pipiens Z., freq., do.; 15. Syrphus balteatus Deg., do. [c) Tabanidae: 16. Chrysops caecutiens Z., skg. B. Hymenoptera. {a) Apidae: 17. Prosopis armillata Nyl. 5 and J, skg.; 18. P. brevicornis Nyl. S, skg.; 19. P. communis Nyl. 5, skg.; 20. Sphecodes ephippium Z. J. (^) Evaniidae: 21. Gasteruption jaculator Z'., skg. {c) Formicidae: several sp. (d) Sphegtdae: 22. Oxy- belus quattuordecimnotatusy«r. 5 and
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