. Elements of botany. Plants. 188 ELEMENTS OF BOTANY. the seed is surrounded. Hence a general division of fruits into dry fruits and fleshy fruits. 227. Winged or Tufted Fruits and Seeds. — The fruits of the ash, box-elder, elm, maple, Fig. 172, and many other trees are provided with an expanded membranous wing. Some seeds, as those of the catalpa and the trumpet-creeper are similarly appendaged. The fruits of the dandelion, the thistle, the fleabane, Fig. 174, and many other plants of the group to which these belong, and the seeds of the willow, the milkweed, the willow-herb. Fig. 175, and ot
. Elements of botany. Plants. 188 ELEMENTS OF BOTANY. the seed is surrounded. Hence a general division of fruits into dry fruits and fleshy fruits. 227. Winged or Tufted Fruits and Seeds. — The fruits of the ash, box-elder, elm, maple, Fig. 172, and many other trees are provided with an expanded membranous wing. Some seeds, as those of the catalpa and the trumpet-creeper are similarly appendaged. The fruits of the dandelion, the thistle, the fleabane, Fig. 174, and many other plants of the group to which these belong, and the seeds of the willow, the milkweed, the willow-herb. Fig. 175, and other plants, bear a tuft of hairs, sometimes silky and in other cases plumed or feathery. The student should be able from his own observations on the falUng fruits of some of the trees and other plants above mentioned to answer some such questions as the fol- lowing : What is the use of the wing- like appendages ? of the tufts of hairs ? Which set of contrivances seems to be the more success- ful of the two in securing this object ? What particular plant of the ones available for study seems to have attained this object most perfectly ? What is one reason why many plants with tufted seeds, such as the thistle and the dande- lion, are extremely troublesome weeds ? A few simple experiments, easily devised by the student, may help him to find answers to the questions above given, i. Fig. 173.—Fruit-Cluster of Linden; peduncle joined to the bract, forming a wing. 1 See Kerner and Oliver, vol. II, pp. Please note that these images are extracted from scanned page images that may have been digitally enhanced for readability - coloration and appearance of these illustrations may not perfectly resemble the original Bergen, Joseph Y. (Joseph Young), 1851-1917; Bergen, Joseph Y. (Joseph Young), 1851-1917. Bergen's Botany: key and flora, Pacific coast ed. Boston : Ginn
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Keywords: ., bookcentury1800, bookdecade1890, booksubjectplants, bookyear1896
