James Abram Garfield (November 19, 1831 - September 19, 1881) served as the 20th President of the United States. His accomplishments as President included a controversial resurgence of Presidential authority above Senatorial courtesy in executive appointm
James Abram Garfield (November 19, 1831 - September 19, 1881) served as the 20th President of the United States. His accomplishments as President included a controversial resurgence of Presidential authority above Senatorial courtesy in executive appointments, energizing naval power, and purging corruption in the Post Office Department. His presidency lasted just 200 days, from March 4, 1881, until his death on September 19, 1881, as a result of being shot by assassin Charles J. Guiteau on July 2, 1881. He suffered a massive heart attack and a ruptured splenic artery aneurysm, following blood poisoning and bronchial pneumonia. He was 49 years old. Chester Alan Arthur (October 5, 1829 - November 18, 1886) was the 21st President of the United States (1881-85). Becoming President after the assassination of President Garfield. he took up the reform cause, signed the Pendleton Act into law, and enforced its provisions vigorously. He won plaudits for his veto of a Rivers and Harbors Act that would have appropriated federal funds in a manner he thought excessive. He presided over the rebirth of the United States Navy. He earned praise among contemporaries for his solid performance in office. Suffering from poor health, Arthur made only a limited effort to secure renomination in 1884; he retired at the close of his term. In 1886 he suffered a cerebral hemorrhage and never regained consciousness. He died at the age of 57.
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