Karl Manne Siegbahn, Swedish Physicist
Karl Manne Georg Siegbahn (December 3, 1886 - September 26, 1978) was a Swedish physicist. Following his , he started research on X-ray spectroscopy. He developed improved experimental apparatus which allowed him to make very accurate measurements of the X-ray wavelengths produced by atoms of different elements. He developed a convention for naming the different spectral lines that are characteristic to elements in X-ray spectroscopy, the Siegbahn notation. His precision measurements drove many developments in quantum theory and atomic physics. He awarded the Nobel Prize in Physics in 1924 "for his discoveries and research in the field of X-ray spectroscopy". In 1937, Siegbahn was appointed Director of the Physics Department of the Nobel Institute of the Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences. He won the Hughes Medal 1934 and Rumford Medal 1940. In 1944, he patented the Siegbahn pump. Siegbahn was elected a Foreign Member of the Royal Society in 1954. He did in 1978 at the age of 91.
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