. Handbook of flower pollination : based upon Hermann Mu?ller's work 'The fertilisation of flowers by insects' . Fertilization of plants. PRIMULACEAE 79 Herm. Muller {on pendula), a humble-bee and a beetle ; (on indinald) 3 Muscids and a moth. Schulz, 20 bees (including Bombus alticola Krchb) and various flies and beetles. 1837. S. minima Hoppe. (Schulz, 'Beitrage,' II, p. 191.)—The conical flowers of this species are 8-15 mm. long, and project almost at right angles from the main axis, so that automatic self-pollination is rendered difficult in spite of the homogamy. Visitors.—Schulz saw 2 be
. Handbook of flower pollination : based upon Hermann Mu?ller's work 'The fertilisation of flowers by insects' . Fertilization of plants. PRIMULACEAE 79 Herm. Muller {on pendula), a humble-bee and a beetle ; (on indinald) 3 Muscids and a moth. Schulz, 20 bees (including Bombus alticola Krchb) and various flies and beetles. 1837. S. minima Hoppe. (Schulz, 'Beitrage,' II, p. 191.)—The conical flowers of this species are 8-15 mm. long, and project almost at right angles from the main axis, so that automatic self-pollination is rendered difficult in spite of the homogamy. Visitors.—Schulz saw 2 bees and 7 flies. / ./ X / 550. Cyclamen L. Protandrous pollen flowers, from which visitors perhaps obtain sap by boring the delicate tissue of the corolla-tube. The anthers make up a sprinkling arrange- ment, as in Borago. Their lobes dehisce by terminal pores, and are produced into stiff appendages against which visitors strike. Automatic self-pollina- tion is ultimately ef- fected by strong down- ward inclination of the peduncle, bringing the stigma into the line of fall of the pollen {cf. Fig. 250). According to Hil- debrand (Ber. D. bot. Ges., Berlin, xv, 1897, pp. 292-8), the species of Cyclamen are at first entomophilous and afterwards anemophi- lous, as in the cases of Calluna vulgaris, Erica carnea, and Bartsia alpina described by Kerner(',' Eng. Ed. I, II, p. 129). The pollen-grains are at first covered by sticky oil, but later on cease to be adhesive and become pulverulent. Although the anthers usually dehisce in the bud autogamy cannot take place, partly owing to the initial stickiness of the pollen and partly. Please note that these images are extracted from scanned page images that may have been digitally enhanced for readability - coloration and appearance of these illustrations may not perfectly resemble the original Knuth, Paul, 1854-1899; Knuth, Paul, 1854-1899; Mu?ller, Hermann, 1829-1883; Ainsworth Davis, J. R. (James Richard), 1861-1934
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