. Botany for academies and colleges: consisting of plant development and structure from seaweed to clematis. Botany; 1889. UPPER {SUPERTERRANEAN) STEM. 79 the year, sometimes in a few weeks: Indian Corn, Morning- Glory; Biennials, that sprout and grow the first year; bloom, bear fruit, and die the second year: Radish, Canterbury Bell; Perennial herbs, with roots that live many years, but stems that die annually: Butterwort, Catchfly. 158. Shrubs and Trees are perennial throughout. Their stems are hard and ligneous (woody). A Shrub has no stout trunk, and is from 4 inches to many feet in height
. Botany for academies and colleges: consisting of plant development and structure from seaweed to clematis. Botany; 1889. UPPER {SUPERTERRANEAN) STEM. 79 the year, sometimes in a few weeks: Indian Corn, Morning- Glory; Biennials, that sprout and grow the first year; bloom, bear fruit, and die the second year: Radish, Canterbury Bell; Perennial herbs, with roots that live many years, but stems that die annually: Butterwort, Catchfly. 158. Shrubs and Trees are perennial throughout. Their stems are hard and ligneous (woody). A Shrub has no stout trunk, and is from 4 inches to many feet in height: Heath (Fig. 72), Crow- herry (Fig. 99), Eose, Lilac, Vine (Fig". 101). A Tree has a trunk, and is from 10 to 400 feet high. The Peach, Almond, Crepe-Myr- tle are small trees, 10 to 30 feet high. The Oak, Sycamore, Plane, (Fig. 98), and Magnolia are large, 60 to 120 feet high. The California Pines (Fig. 97) and the Eucalyp- tus of Australia are gigantic, 150 to 300 feet high ; the Eucalyptus sometimes 400 feet'. 159. Tlie following descriptive terms are used: Arboreous, proper trees; Arborescent, large shrubs, small trees; Frutesceni, ordinary shrubs; Herbaceous, plants that die entirely or down to the ground each year; Suffrutescent, perennials slightly woody at base, herbaceous above. Suffruticose, perennials quite woody at base, herbaceous above. 160. Climate often makes changes in these conditions. The Castor- Oil Plant is a perennial tree in the tropics; in Tennessee it is tree-like, but suffruticose; in the Northern States it is an aunual. 161. Age is usually proportioned to the size and quality of the stem. Bushes and Shrubs live from 5 to 15 years. The Peach lives 12 to 15 years in perfection; the Apple, 30; the Chestnut, 600; the Oak, 1500; the Olive and Baobab, 2000; the Pines, 3000; the Grass-tree (Fig. 96) and Dragon's Blood (both Endogens) live 4000 years. The. " The Three Graces, (SegwJia gigantea). ., 300 feet Please note that these images are e
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