. Birds of other lands, reptiles, fishes, jointed animals and lower forms;. Zoology; Birds; Reptiles; Fishes. rUu h L. H. ] lN,w Tori: DIANA FRITILLARY T/ie male ii dark broion^ ivith a broad orange border spotted 'with black. The [ haz green marginal markings. Th^lt h J. Ed-ward,-] , QUEEN OF SPAIN FRITILLARY Bro-wn abo've, -with plush spots; spotted ivilh silver beneath bodies), one or more of the first three pairs of pro-legs may be rudimentary or absent, and the caterpillar walks by arching its back at every step, in a way that must be seen to be appreciated, though suc
. Birds of other lands, reptiles, fishes, jointed animals and lower forms;. Zoology; Birds; Reptiles; Fishes. rUu h L. H. ] lN,w Tori: DIANA FRITILLARY T/ie male ii dark broion^ ivith a broad orange border spotted 'with black. The [ haz green marginal markings. Th^lt h J. Ed-ward,-] , QUEEN OF SPAIN FRITILLARY Bro-wn abo've, -with plush spots; spotted ivilh silver beneath bodies), one or more of the first three pairs of pro-legs may be rudimentary or absent, and the caterpillar walks by arching its back at every step, in a way that must be seen to be appreciated, though such caterpillars (popularlycalled Loopers, on account of the way they loop up their bodies in walking) are often very active, and cover the ground much more rapidly than one might imagine. Sometimes the claspers, or last pair of legs, are modified into tentacles, which, in the caterpillars of the Puss-moth and its allies, contain retractile whips, used as weapons of defence. Caterpillars are very voracious, and increase in size with great rapidity; and whenever their skin gets too tight, after splitting it, they slip it off (along with the lining of the stomach and intestines), and after a few hours' lethargy, necessary to recover from the debilitating effects of such a serious opera- tion, and to give the new skin time to dry and harden, they begin to feed again as voraciously as ever. The number of these moults varies according to the species; when the caterpillar has attained its full growth, it enters upon the third stage of its life as a pupa, or chrysalis. A pupa means a doll, or swaddled bab\-, and is a ver)- appropriate name for the dark-coloured object, cased in a hornj'skin, with no detached organs visible, except the sheath for the proboscis in some of the Hawk-moths, in which this organ is unusually long, but with the separate cases of the wings, legs, etc., of the future butterfly or moth plainly visible in the sutures on its surface. The pup^ of some butterflies hav
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Keywords: ., bookcentury1900, bookdecad, booksubjectfishes, booksubjectzoology
