Iran/Persia: Mohammad Mosaddegh or Mosaddeq, also spelt Mosadeck or Musaddiq (16 June 1882 - 5 March 1967), Prime Minister of Iran from 1951 until being overthrown in a coup d'état in 1953, 20 July 1954. The Mossadeq administration introduced a wide range of social reforms but was most notable for its nationalisation of the Iranian oil industry, which had been under British control since 1913 through the Anglo-Persian Oil Company. Mosaddegh was removed from power in a coup on 19 August 1953, organised and carried out by the United States CIA at the request of British MI6.

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