The elements of botany for The elements of botany for beginners and for schools elementsofbotany00grayuoft Year: [1887] SECTION 4.] BUDS. 27 Section IV. GROWTH FROM BUDS: BRANCHING. 45. Most plants increase the amount of their vegetation by branching, that is, by producing lateral shoots. 46. Roots branch from any part and usually without definite order. Stems normally give rise to branches only at definite poiuts, namely, at the nodes, and there only from the axils of leaves. 47. Buds (Fig. 72, 73). Every incipient shoot is a Bttd (12). A stem continues its growth by its terminal bud; it bra
The elements of botany for The elements of botany for beginners and for schools elementsofbotany00grayuoft Year: [1887] SECTION 4.] BUDS. 27 Section IV. GROWTH FROM BUDS: BRANCHING. 45. Most plants increase the amount of their vegetation by branching, that is, by producing lateral shoots. 46. Roots branch from any part and usually without definite order. Stems normally give rise to branches only at definite poiuts, namely, at the nodes, and there only from the axils of leaves. 47. Buds (Fig. 72, 73). Every incipient shoot is a Bttd (12). A stem continues its growth by its terminal bud; it branches by the forma- tion and development of lateral buds. As normal lateral buds occupy the axils of leaves, they are called axillary buds. As leaves are symmetrically arranged on the stem, the buds in their axils and the branches iuto which axillary buds grow partake of this symmetry. The most conspicuous buds are the scaly winter- buds of most shrubs and trees of temperate and cold climates; but the name belongs as well to the forming shoot or branch of any herb. 48. The Terminal Bud, in the most general sense, may be said to exist in the embryo, — as cotyledons, or the cotyledons and plumule, — and to crown each successive growth of the simple stem so long as the summit is capable of growth. The whole ascending growth of the Palm, Cy- cas, and the like (such as in Fig. 71) is from a terminal bud. Branches, beiug repetitions of the main stem aud growing iu the same way, are also lengthened by terminal buds. Those of Horse-chestnut, Hickory, Maples, and such trees, being the resting buds of winter, are conspicu- ous by their protective covering of scales. These bud-scales, as will hereafter be shown, are themselves a kind of leaves. 49. Axillary Buds were formed on these annual shoots early in the summer. Occasion- ally they grow the same season into branches ; at least, some of them are pretty sure to do so whenever the growing terminal bud at the end of the shoot is inju
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