. An illustrated manual of British birds . ized, evenin a bad light, is its habit of sharply raising its tail the moment itperches. As in the case of the Song-Thrush, the young of thisspecies sometimes assist the parents in feeding the second brood. Adult male : entire plumage glossy-black; bill and edges of theeyelids yellow ; legs and feet brownish-black. Length about 10 in. ;wing 49 in. Female : umber-brown, pale and more rufous on thethroat and breast, with darker streaks—some mountain forms beingexceptionally light-coloured; bill and legs brownish. Young malescan be distinguished in the n


. An illustrated manual of British birds . ized, evenin a bad light, is its habit of sharply raising its tail the moment itperches. As in the case of the Song-Thrush, the young of thisspecies sometimes assist the parents in feeding the second brood. Adult male : entire plumage glossy-black; bill and edges of theeyelids yellow ; legs and feet brownish-black. Length about 10 in. ;wing 49 in. Female : umber-brown, pale and more rufous on thethroat and breast, with darker streaks—some mountain forms beingexceptionally light-coloured; bill and legs brownish. Young malescan be distinguished in the nest by their stouter bill and darker hue,especially along the carpal joint; and if a few of the first brownfeathers of the breast be pulled out, they will be reproduced of ablack colour. Later, the plumage is blackish-brown above, withpale shaft-streaks; under parts lighter. Even after assuming theadult plumage, young males of the year have blackish bills. Albinosand pied varieties of the Blackbird are by no means uncommon. 15. THE RINCx-OUZEL. TuRDUs TORQUATUS, Linnccus. The Ring-Ouzel is the only Thrush which is entirely absent fromour islands during the winter; for although, in exceptionally mildyears, individuals have been known to remain as late as Christmas,the majority leave in September and October the wilder and moreelevated districts in which they have passed the summer; and, after acomparatively short stay in the lowlands to feed upon the autumnalberries, they depart for the south. In April the Ring-Ouzel returns,and pairs are said to have nested occasionally in Hampshire, Suffolk,Norfolk, Warwickshire, and similar counties, but as a rule itsbreeding-places are in the wild and hilly districts of Cornwall, Devon,Somersetshire, the Pennine backbone of England and its spurs;Wales; and the greater part of Scotland, including most of thoseislands which present suitable features, except the Orkneys and theShetlands, to which it is comparatively a rare visitor.


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