. Handbook of flower pollination : based upon Hermann MuÌller's work 'The fertilisation of flowers by insects' . Fertilization of plants. PRIMULACEAE 67. that of P. elatior and they are yellow in colour, usually with an orange-red patch in the throat that serves as a nectar-guide. Flowers devoid of this patch have, however, been observed by Kirchner in Wurtemburg and Appel (as he tells me in a letter) at Wurzburg. Schulz has measured the flowers and finds thai they do not attain their full size till towards the end of anthesis. In long-styled flowers the style usually elongates during this pro


. Handbook of flower pollination : based upon Hermann MuÌller's work 'The fertilisation of flowers by insects' . Fertilization of plants. PRIMULACEAE 67. that of P. elatior and they are yellow in colour, usually with an orange-red patch in the throat that serves as a nectar-guide. Flowers devoid of this patch have, however, been observed by Kirchner in Wurtemburg and Appel (as he tells me in a letter) at Wurzburg. Schulz has measured the flowers and finds thai they do not attain their full size till towards the end of anthesis. In long-styled flowers the style usually elongates during this process of growth, but sometimes its development is arrested, so that the anthers and stigma are ultimately at the same level. Breitenbach and Schulz noticed such equal-styled (isostylous) flowers. The latter states that the short-styled form is somewhat smaller than the long-styled one, and that its style is always of approximately the same length. Kirchner noticed large- and small-flowered forms in Wurtem- berg. In the island of Moen E. Ljung- strom observed two forms in which the calyx was markedly short or long, respectively, as compared with the corolla-tube, and he gave them the varietal names of brevicalyx and longicalyx. He also found variations as regards the breadth of the limb of the corolla, and distinguished between two forms, latiloba and â angusliloba, respectively possessing a broad and a narrow limb. In flowers with a short calyx the corolla was often very large, elegantly saucer-shaped, and of a beautiful yellow colour. On the other hand, a long calyx was not infrequently associated with a smaller and paler corolla. The corolla-tube is fairly often perforated by humble-bees. Visitors.âThe following were recorded by the observers, and for the localities stated.â Herm. Miiller.âA. Coleoptera. NitiduUdae: i. Meligethes, po-dvg. B. Diptera. Bombyliidae : 2. Bombylius discolor Mg., skg. C. Hymenoptera. 3. Andrena gwynana K. 5, in large numbers, po-cltg. on short-


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