. Modern mechanism, exhibiting the latest progress in machines, motors, and the transmission of power, being a supplementary volume to Appletons' cyclopaedia of applied mechanics . roduces a rela-tive vacuum in its own ciiaiiil)er. The defects of tjie Killii ux apparatus are. Miat a consider- FILTRATION. 339 able mass of liquid lying above the heating surface, by the pressure of its own weight raisesthe boiling temperature of the liquid at the bottom, thus requiring more heat to perform therequired work than at the surface, and also subjecting the liquid to a strong heat for an un-necessary ti
. Modern mechanism, exhibiting the latest progress in machines, motors, and the transmission of power, being a supplementary volume to Appletons' cyclopaedia of applied mechanics . roduces a rela-tive vacuum in its own ciiaiiil)er. The defects of tjie Killii ux apparatus are. Miat a consider- FILTRATION. 339 able mass of liquid lying above the heating surface, by the pressure of its own weight raisesthe boiling temperature of the liquid at the bottom, thus requiring more heat to perform therequired work than at the surface, and also subjecting the liquid to a strong heat for an un-necessary time. This, in the case of sugar, is a fruitful source of loss, not only by inversionof the sugar, but by forming caramel. The Yaryan Evaporator is based upon an entirely novel principle, by which the inventoravails himself of the very tendency to blow into spray which viscous liquids possess whensubjected to heat, to first blow all the liquid into a spray and keep it subjected to heat in thisstate. He therefore constructs a horizontal tube of (30 ft. in length and 3 in. in diameter,and surrounded this with another tube, leaving an annular space of sufficient capacity to con-. FiG. 4.—Yaryan horizontal evaporator. tain steam for evaporation. The supply port to the inner tube was reduced to a diameter ofi in., and the liquid, being fed in under pressure, and steam at 5 lbs. pressure supplied to theouter tube, it was found that l)y the combined action of the liquid entering the tube throughthe constricted opening, underpressure, and the expansive force of the steam formed by itsevaporation, the entire volume of the liquid is ejected from the unobstructed end of the tubein the form of mixed steam and spray. Repeated tests showed a greatly increased efficiencyas the velocity of the liquid in the pipe was increased. The apparatus is adapted to the con-centration of fluids, sugar solutions, sugar-cane, beet and sorghum juices, glucose, glue, gelatine,beer-worts, wine, glycerin, extra
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Keywords: ., bookcentury1800, bookdecade189, booksubjectmechanicalengineering
