UK/China: 'The Open Mouth; Or, the Integrity of China', by Edward Linley Sambourne (1844-1910), Punch, 10 May 1899. British Lion: 'It's alright, Johnny Chinaman. We've come to a perfectly friendly arrangement'. Russian Bear (pleasantly): 'We're going to invade you'. Several documents known as the 'Treaty of Tien-tsin' were signed in Tianjin (Tientsin) in June 1858, ending the first part of the Second Opium War (1856-1860). The Second French Empire, United Kingdom, Russian Empire and the United States were the parties involved. These treaties opened more Chinese ports to foreigners.

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Photo credit: © Pictures From History / Alamy / Afripics
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