China: Chinese Muslim warlord Ma Hongkui (1892-1970) showing off his swordsmanship c. 1948. Ma Hongkui (Wade–Giles: Ma Hung-kwei) (1892–1970) was a prominent warlord in China during the Republic of China era, ruling the northwestern province of Ningxia. His rank was Lieutenant-general. He was a key member of the ‘Three Ma’ (sometimes ‘Five Ma’) clique of Muslim Warlords who dominated Gansu, Qinghai and Ningxia between approximately 1927 and 1949. Ma Hongkui had a reputation as a good but brutal general who fought well against the Japanese.

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Size: 3500px × 4557px
Photo credit: © Pictures From History / Alamy / Afripics
License: Licensed
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