Expeditions organized or participated in by the Smithsonian . CO Dr. Walter Hough, of the National Museum, was detailed to theBureau of American Ethnology in June to conduct archeological in-vestigations in western central New ^lexico. Proceeding to Luna, Smithsonian Misc. Coll., \ol. 66, No. 14. lOO SMITHSONIAN MISCELLANEOUS COLLECTIONS VOL. 66 Socorro County, Dr. Hough commenced the excavation of a ruinpreviously located hy him. as described in Bulletin 35 of the bureau(p. 59). This site was thought to contain evidence of pit dwellingsexclusively, and excavations showed that an
Expeditions organized or participated in by the Smithsonian . CO Dr. Walter Hough, of the National Museum, was detailed to theBureau of American Ethnology in June to conduct archeological in-vestigations in western central New ^lexico. Proceeding to Luna, Smithsonian Misc. Coll., \ol. 66, No. 14. lOO SMITHSONIAN MISCELLANEOUS COLLECTIONS VOL. 66 Socorro County, Dr. Hough commenced the excavation of a ruinpreviously located hy him. as described in Bulletin 35 of the bureau(p. 59). This site was thought to contain evidence of pit dwellingsexclusively, and excavations showed that an area of about 40 acrescontained circular, semisubterranean houses (fig. 104) in which nostone was used for construction. Seven of the pits were cleared,and it was ascertained that many more existed beneath the surface,dug in the yellow sandy clay substratum of the region. Burnt sec-tions of roofing clay showed that these houses were roofed withbeams, poles, brush, and mud, as in present pueblo roof was supported by wooden posts, charred remains of which. :,JiimSf(> Fig. 104.—Showing circle of pit. Also showing the environs of the pit village beyond. were found. Nothing was ascertained respecting the constructionof the sides of the dwellings or in regard to the height of the the floor of each of the pits uncovered were a rude metate (), grinding stones, slabs of stone, and the outline of an otherwiseundefined fireplace not quite in the center of the chamlier. A benchabout a foot high and a few feet in length was cut in the wall ofsome of the pits, and in one of the pits, against the wall, was a fire-place (fig. 106) with raised sides of clay. Another type of structures adjoined the pits ; these were rectan-gular, open-air houses with mud roofs, in which mealing and culinarywork was carried on. Here were numerous metates. manos, rubbing NO. 17 SMITHSONIAN EXPLORATIONS, I916 lOI Stones, pottery, etc.; some of the metates were set up on three
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