PRESIDENT DONALD TRUMP VISITS THE BORDER WALL WITH MEXICO DURING THE LAST DAYS OF HIS PRESIDENCY. The Mexico–United States barrier, also known as the border wall, is a series of vertical barriers along the Mexico–United States border intended to reduce illegal immigration to the United States from Mexico. The barrier is not a continuous structure but a series of obstructions variously classified as "fences" or "walls". Between the physical barriers, security is provided by a "virtual fence" of sensors, cameras, and other surveillance equipment.
The 1,954 miles (3,145 km) border between the United States and Mexico traverses a variety of terrains, including urban areas and deserts.[5] The border from the Gulf of Mexico to El Paso, Texas, follows along the Rio Grande forming a natural barrier. The barrier is located on both urban and uninhabited sections of the border, areas where the most concentrated numbers of illegal crossings and drug trafficking have been observed in the past. These urban areas include San Diego, California, and El Paso, Texas.[6] The fencing includes a steel fence (varying in height between 18 and 27 feet) that divides the border towns of Nogales, Arizona, in the and Nogales, Sonora, in Mexico.[7] 97% of border apprehensions (foreign nationals who are caught being in the illegally) by the Border Patrol in 2010 occurred at the southwest border. The number of Border Patrol apprehensions declined 61% from 1,189,000 in 2005 to 723,842 in 2008 to 463,000 in 2010. The decrease in apprehensions are the result of numerous factors, including changes in economic conditions and border enforcement efforts. Border apprehensions in 2010 were at their lowest level since 1972.[6] [8] Total apprehensions for 2017, 2018, and 2019 were 415,517, 521,090, 977,509 respectively. This shows a recent increase in apprehensions.[9] And while the barrier is along the Mexico-United States border, 80% of the apprehended crossers are non-Mexican.[10] As a result of the barrier, there has been a significant increase in the number of people trying to cross areas that have no fence, such as the Sonoran Desert and the Baboquivari Mountains in Arizona.[11] Such immigrants must cross fifty miles (80 km) of inhospitable terrain to reach the first road, which is located in the Tohono O'odham Indian Reservation.
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Photo credit: © American Photo Archive / Alamy / Afripics
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