. The Conservation Atlas of Tropical Forests: Africa. Biological Diversity. Figure Main phytochoria of Africa and Madagascar I. Guineo-Congolian regional centre of endemism. II. Zambezian regional centre of endemism. III. Sudanian regional centre of endemism. IV. Somalia- Masai regional centre of endemism. V. Cape regional centre of endemism. VI. Karoo-Namib regional centre of endemism. VII. Mediterranean regional centre of endemism. VIII. Afromontane archipelago-like regional centre of endemism, including IX. Afroalpine archipelago-like region of extreme florisuc impoverish- ment (not sho
. The Conservation Atlas of Tropical Forests: Africa. Biological Diversity. Figure Main phytochoria of Africa and Madagascar I. Guineo-Congolian regional centre of endemism. II. Zambezian regional centre of endemism. III. Sudanian regional centre of endemism. IV. Somalia- Masai regional centre of endemism. V. Cape regional centre of endemism. VI. Karoo-Namib regional centre of endemism. VII. Mediterranean regional centre of endemism. VIII. Afromontane archipelago-like regional centre of endemism, including IX. Afroalpine archipelago-like region of extreme florisuc impoverish- ment (not shown separately). X. Guinea-Congolia/Zambezi regional transition zone. XI. Guinea-Congolia/Sudania regional transition zone. XII. Lake Victoria regional mosaic. XIII. Zanzibar-lnhambane regional mosaic. XTV. Kalahari- Highveld regional transition zone. XV. Tongaland-Pondoland regional mosaic. XVI. Sahel regional transition zone. XVII. Sahara regional transition zone. XVIII. Mediterranean/Sahara regional transition zone. XIX. East Malagasy regional centre of endemism. XX. West Malagasy regional centre of endemism (, 1983) (Carcasson, 1964), around 200 passerine birds compared widi up to 400 (Crowe and Crowe, 1982), and some 14 primate species compared with nearly 40. This may be pardy because of the reladve lack of land at high aldtudes in West Africa. Although there are mountainous forested areas here, they are relatively small and low (maximum altitude of 1752 m on Mt Nimba) and their fauna and flora bear close resemblance to those in the surroundmg lowlands, with relatively few endemics. In contrast there are major upland areas in the Central African forest block with their own disdncuve faunas and floras, including many endemics. These make a significant contribution to the biological diversity of the region as a whole. It is also argued that Pleistocene forest refugia in West Africa were considerably smaller than those in Central Afnca; this would almost cenainly
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