Mental diseasesA text-book of psychiatry for medical students and practitioners . imes present. Thelimbs are stunted and some cases are unable to walk. The skinis coarse, the hair is deficient and brittle. The head may beabnormally small or large, the forehead and lower jaw receding,and the back of the cranium flattened. The facial expressionis weak. The palate is often arched. Dentition is defectiveand grinding of the teeth may occur. The ears show variousabnormalities. The eyes may be placed too close together, ortoo far apart, or may be situated obliquely. The throat mayindicate the presenc
Mental diseasesA text-book of psychiatry for medical students and practitioners . imes present. Thelimbs are stunted and some cases are unable to walk. The skinis coarse, the hair is deficient and brittle. The head may beabnormally small or large, the forehead and lower jaw receding,and the back of the cranium flattened. The facial expressionis weak. The palate is often arched. Dentition is defectiveand grinding of the teeth may occur. The ears show variousabnormalities. The eyes may be placed too close together, ortoo far apart, or may be situated obliquely. The throat mayindicate the presence of enlarged tonsils and adenoids. Thechest is often pigeon-breasted, resulting in shallow circulation is usually feeble and the heart is at times 148 MENTAL DISEASES congenitally diseased, with a patent foramen ovale. Idiots arevery prone to diarrhoea, gastric disturbances, etc., and manypay no attention to the calls of nature. The females thatattain maturity rarely menstruate, but some are precocious inthis respect; one or, both testes in the male may be un-. li(^. 29.—Cretinism. descended. Masturbation in both sexes is common, it mayoccur even as early as six months of age, and in such a caseit is most intractable. Mental Symptoms.—In idiocy these vary according tothe amount of failure of development. An infant that doesnot attempt to suck at the teat, after repeated trials, mustbe regarded as deficient. This is usuallj^ accompanied by an IDIOCY AND IMBECILITY 149 absence of the ordinary micro-kinetic movements, the child isbadly nourished, and scarcely utters a sound. If the childlives, and is fed and nurtured, it fails to put on proper weight,and is abnormally slow in its future development as regardscrawling and walking; and the muscular co-ordination in thehands is feeble. In the worst forms, speech is not attainedat all or is defective. It has been computed that about 6% ofidiots and imbeciles are blind, this being mostly due to opticatrophy. The ot
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