The Edwin Smith Papyrus is an ancient Egyptian medical text, named after the dealer who bought it in 1862, and the oldest known surgical treatise, on trauma. This document, which may have been a manual of military surgery, describes 48 cases of injuries, fractures, wounds, dislocations and tumors. It dates to Dynasties 16-17 of the Second Intermediate Period in ancient Egypt, c. 1600 BC.

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Keywords: 1600, 1862, ancient, bc, bought, dealer, document, edwin, egypt, egyptian, history, intermediate, medical, medicine, named, oldest, papyrus, period, smith, surgery, surgical, text, trauma, treatise