. Bulletin of the British Museum (Natural History). Zoology . 86 P. J. P. WHITEHEAD. Fig. 29. Pristigaster cay ana Cuvier. From Hildebrand 1964. ENGRAULIDAE Of the 15 genera of Engraulidae so far described, eight occur in the New World (see key below), of which only Engraulis is found elsewhere (Eastern Atlantic, Mediterranean region, Indo-Pacific). This is a higher degree of endemism (40 per cent) than occurs in the Clupeidae, where 16 of the 61 genera are confined to the New World and six further genera are shared (26 per cent). The New World anchovies all lack abdominal scutes
. Bulletin of the British Museum (Natural History). Zoology . 86 P. J. P. WHITEHEAD. Fig. 29. Pristigaster cay ana Cuvier. From Hildebrand 1964. ENGRAULIDAE Of the 15 genera of Engraulidae so far described, eight occur in the New World (see key below), of which only Engraulis is found elsewhere (Eastern Atlantic, Mediterranean region, Indo-Pacific). This is a higher degree of endemism (40 per cent) than occurs in the Clupeidae, where 16 of the 61 genera are confined to the New World and six further genera are shared (26 per cent). The New World anchovies all lack abdominal scutes (except for the pelvic scute, never keeled), whereas keeled scutes are present in all Indo-Pacific anchovies except Engraulis and occasional speci- mens of Stolephorus purpureas (Fowler). Although the New World anchovies seem to have been isolated from those of the Indo-Pacific, they have produced rather similar extreme forms (compressed, elongate body, long anal fin, dorsal fin small and set far back, head short, caniniform teeth, etc.) ; however, the Indo-Pacific has not produced such an extreme in microphagous feeding adaptation as is found in the New World Cetengraulis, while the Indo-Pacific rat-tailed anchovies (Coilia) have no parallel in the New World. Modern keys to the New World anchovies are those of Hildebrand (1943 - all New World species; 1964 - Western North Atlantic only), Schultz (1949 - Venezuelan species, modified from Hildebrand), Cervigon (1966 - Venezuelan species; 1969, Anchovia, Anchoa) and Peterson (1956 - Costa Rican Pacific genera). A review of the literature suggests that 19 species of anchovy may occur in the Guianas region. The following key includes all New World genera. The major division, made on the presence or absence of gillrakers on the posterior face of the 3rd epibranchial,. Please note that these images are extracted from scanned page images that may have been digitally enhanced for readability - coloration and appearance of these illustr
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